In recent years, more and more women go to the doctor with the problem of infertility. That just did not take a woman to get pregnant, and then hoping to listen to the slightest changes occurring in the body, whether the pregnancy has not occurred. It would seem ridiculous to look for signs of pregnancy before missed period, but the fact remains, and the very first symptoms occurred conception can be determined before the expected menses. For one of these signs is implantation bleeding. Unfortunately, this feature is not 100% reliable, so the possibility of pregnancy can be determined only after a week or two delay menstruation.

The initial stages of pregnancy

Home pregnancy consists of several stages:

• Ovulation

That ovulation or oocyte maturation, the ability to fertilize is the first step on the path to pregnancy. Ovulation is controlled by hormones that are produced in the pituitary gland, and the average comes to the twelfth - sixteenth day of the menstrual cycle The days of the menstrual cycle: Four phases . In the first phase (follicular) ovarian cycle begin to form ten to twelve follicles (this process is regulated follicle stimulating hormone). In the future, among the follicles is determined by the most "major" or dominant follicle, which upon reaching maturity shall cast them out of the egg itself. That is, ovulation is none other than the output of the mature egg into the abdominal cavity, which occurs under the action of luteinizing hormone. The viability of the egg is retained for one day, a maximum of two.

• Fertilization

After the release of egg from the ovary into the abdominal cavity, it is sent to the fallopian tube where under favorable circumstances it takes place meeting with sperm. The most active and moving sperm is introduced into the egg and fuses with its nucleus, which is called the direct fertilization. Before the sperm merges with the egg, it can take from three to six hours.

• Implantation

After fertilization, the egg, which by this time already called a zygote, continues to move along the fallopian tube to reach the uterus. During the movement of the zygote divides and hard at the time of entering into the uterus turns into a blastocyst. The blastocyst is a comfortable place in the functional layer of the endometrium (usually the upper front wall of the uterus or verhnezadnyaya) and begins to be implanted. The implantation takes place in two stages. Please adhere blastula (stage adhesion) to the lining of the uterus, and then it starts to produce proteolytic enzymes that dissolve the functional layer, and is immersed or embedded in its thickness. This process is called implantation.

What is implantation bleeding

Implantation bleeding - this bleeding, which occurs at the time of implantation (introduction) of the ovum in the functional layer of endometrium. The duration of "travel" a fertilized egg from the fallopian tube to the uterus lasts six to twelve days. That is about the time after intercourse may cause bleeding Spotting - it is important to rule out pathology . Implantation bleeding does not occur in all women, and many do not notice it at all.

Color selections at Implantation bleeding can vary. There are pink, dark brown or red discharge. The duration of implantation bleeding is a few hours, but there may be deviations (one-two days). Normally implantation bleeding should not be intense, as a rule, one or two drops of blood onto the laundry. In the event of more severe selections to exclude gynecological pathology (cysts, dysfunctional uterine bleeding) or spontaneous miscarriage in early pregnancy. The emergence of implantation bleeding caused by microscopic damage to the walls of blood vessels at the site of the introduction of the egg in the uterine lining (near the site of implantation is marked dilation of capillaries and venules).

Implantation bleeding refers to the first signs of pregnancy, which is evident even before the positive test results. Some women at the time of implantation bleeding noted weakness and nagging abdominal pain that does not belong to the pathology of pregnancy.

Time of occurrence of implantation bleeding. If the menstrual cycle is 30 days, ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible?   It occurs at 13-16 days, which corresponds to the middle of the cycle. Implantation occurs 6-12 days after fertilization, ie 18-28 days of the menstrual cycle, that is, the day before menstruation. That is why many women do not pay attention to the appearance of spotting before menstruation Selections before menstruation - that is the norm?   and passed the time of implantation bleeding.

Anna Sozinova

Any woman, whether she wants to become a mother, or by all means to avoid pregnancy gets older, looking for a slightest change in the state who could tell her conception occurred or not. However, doctors say that the previous six to twelve days after fertilization (provided that the woman knows that date) early to talk about any manifestations of pregnancy. It is this period of time is needed to fertilized egg traveled the fallopian tube and into the uterus hit. After the implantation of the egg between her and the woman has a connection body through the blood vessels and then possible to determine signs of pregnancy in the early stages.

In some cases, expectant mothers even before the introduction of the egg in the uterine lining can predict the slightest manifestation of the beginning of new life. Conventionally, such signs are called very early.

Early signs of pregnancy - the first symptoms (six) weeks

• Amenorrhea

Amenorrhea or absence of menstruation is the first, and we can say banal sign of early pregnancy. But we should not forget the fact that rare woman starts menstruating the day, the more so that the menstrual cycle is influenced by many factors (mood swings, change in climate, a variety of diseases, etc.).

• Drawing pain in the abdomen

The occurrence of irregular pulling pain in the abdomen that does not cause much concern, is also considered one of the first signs of pregnancy. These resemble premenstrual pain when menses should start from day to day. This is due to the influence of progesterone, which softens the supporting ligaments of the uterus and increases the blood circulation in it.

• Increased basal body temperature

Raising the temperature in the rectum (above 37C) is typical of pregnancy. But it should be noted that this feature is informative enough to delay menstruation Delayed menstruation - when to sound the alarm? . Although it is possible to suspect a pregnancy, unless there was a decrease of basal body temperature before the expected menstruation.

• Pain in the legs

Several enlarged uterus is already putting pressure on the large blood vessels in the pelvis, which leads to disruption of blood circulation in the lower extremities, and hinders the outflow of venous blood. In the future, this state threatens to move in varicose disease of the lower extremities, if not complied with a doctor's recommendation.

• Dark spots

The appearance of age spots on his face, darkening the white line of the abdomen and nipples is also one of the early signs of pregnancy Early signs of pregnancy: to believe or not to believe? . Reasons for disorders of the lost beauty is not, after childbirth dark spots disappear, but the nipple will always remain dark.

Traditional signs of pregnancy in the early stages

Also known signs of early pregnancy secrete a group of so-called people's symptoms:

• coughing, sneezing, snoring at night, nasal congestion and possible nosebleeds;
• the appearance of "spider veins" on the chest and shoulders (this is due to the redistribution of blood in the breast due to the action of progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology Thus there is a growth of mammary glands and their preparation for breastfeeding);
• feeling of metallic taste in the mouth, as though under the tongue is copper coin (this feature is a result of hormonal changes taking place and the chemical reactions);
• dizziness and fainting - one of the typical signs of pregnancy, known in the old days (these phenomena are due to redistribution and an increase in blood volume, which leads to a decrease in blood pressure - hypotension);
• flatulence, belching Belching: why it happens and that means   and heartburn (this feature is due to the action of progesterone, which relaxes the smooth muscles of the bodies);
• salivation (is one of the symptoms begin early toxicity, with the progression of pregnancy will increase and salivation);
• leg cramps (often caused by lack of calcium and magnesium, as well as blood circulation in the legs).

Anna Sozinova